SIMETRIUM .COM
SI 2019 basis
About · a reference of units of measurement

A sheet for every quantity

Simetrium is a reference built like a drawing archive: one unit, one sheet, the same order of sections from the pascal to the pound per square inch.

An ordinary converter answers the question «how many» and stops there. But someone looking up a unit almost never wants the coefficient alone: he needs to see where the number came from, what measures it, how to write it on a drawing without an error, and why the neighbouring trade writes the same thing differently. That is why each unit here has a sheet, not a row in a table.

The sheets share one skeleton — from the plate with the international symbol to the historical section — and differ in their interactive stands: the watt has its own diagram, the okta another, the weld leg a third. The skeleton means you never hunt twice for the same field; the stand keeps the reference from turning into a graveyard of tables.

The project in figures
7
SI base units
22
named derived units
36
locales of the canon
7
sections in every sheet
200+
sheets completed
Sheets are counted by units, not by pages: where two units are inseparable in practice — the metre and the nautical mile, the grain and the drachm, cm and mm SWE — they are treated on one sheet.
01 · Method

Four rules by which a sheet is written

The rules grew out of mistakes: nearly every one appeared after a check found an error in a finished sheet
01
A living scene before the definition
The first paragraph of a sheet is not a definition but a case: Watt was selling steam engines and had to explain the gain to a buyer; Eratosthenes measured the Earth in stadia whose length we do not know. The definition follows, in the first section, and goes nowhere.
02
The plate carries the international symbol
At the centre of the symbol plate stands what is the same in every locale: W, okta, epoch, z. The local name lives in the heading and the captions. If a quantity has no Latin symbol, the accepted English word is used, not Cyrillic.
03
Dry precision belongs in the tables
Prose may be alive, a table may not. Numbers, coefficients, standard references and the bounds of ranges are given without literature, and every value is traceable to its source.
04
Every figure is checked on its own
Areas of countries, masses, volumes, code points and the logarithms of scales are verified independently of the text. An error in one number ruins trust in the whole sheet, and it is cheaper to check than to explain afterwards.
Where the figures come from

Definitions of the SI units and the exact values of the constants follow the SI Brochure of the International Bureau of Weights and Measures. Conversion factors for non-SI units follow NIST SP 811. Rules of writing and drawing conventions follow the standards in force, with the number given in the footer of the sheet. Trade norms follow their own codes, and the text always says whose norm it is: the track engineer, the road builder and the roofer write the same quantity differently, and not out of carelessness.

Historical values are given as a range, not as a single number: the Roman foot varied from 293 to 334 millimetres, and pretending it had one exact value would be lying to the reader for the sake of a tidy table.

02 · The canon of a sheet

Seven sections, always in the same order

The order never changes from sheet to sheet: whoever came for one field need not read the rest
00
The symbol plate
A square one to one: the international symbol, notes on case and on what this unit is most often confused with.
01
Definition
Formula, dimension, the sense of it — and beside them an interactive stand, its own for every quantity.
02
Conversion
An input, a list of units and a table with a switch between families: the series, trade norms, forms of writing.
03
Orders of magnitude
A logarithmic scale from the smallest to the largest value met in practice, with examples at every order.
04
Instruments
Four cards with diagrams: what catches this quantity in the workshop, in the field and in the laboratory.
05
Rules of writing
Two columns, «right» and «wrong», with the typical errors that reach production.
06
Neighbouring units
The quantities that stand beside it in the same calculation, and the formulae that bind them.
07
Historical section
Four cards of chronology and a metrological note on why the unit is built as it is.
Why every unit has its own stand

A universal slider that «multiplies by a coefficient» explains nothing. A quantity becomes clear when you can see what it governs: for a slope it is the wheelchair on the ramp and the water in the channel, for a weld leg the quadratic growth of metal in section, for the okta the eight parts of the sky above the observer, for an accuracy class the sector of tolerance that turns with the needle. Such stands cannot be made from a template, so each is drawn separately, with its own scenes and its own thresholds at which the figure turns red.

03 · What is ready

The archive by section

The order of sections is arbitrary: the project grows by readers’ requests, not by the alphabet
SI units
7 + 30
The seven base units and the derived ones with names of their own — from the newton and the pascal to the katal, plus density, thermal conductivity and resistivity.
Non-SI
50+
Bar, atmosphere, electronvolt, litre, hectare, decibel, horsepower, carat, millimetre of mercury, psychrometric units, nautical miles and knots.
Electrical engineering
20+
Field strength and dielectric strength, ampere-turn, current density, the Joule integral, power factor, THD, measurement categories, insulation resistance.
Manufacturing
20+
Tolerance grades, tensile strength, impact toughness, roughness, hardness, gear module, fluid cleanliness class, oil viscosity, cutting regimes.
Drawing and layout
10+
Scale, line width, character height, thread pitch, taper and slope, weld leg, the drawing unit and annotative scales.
Meteorology
15+
Pressure tendency, humidity, wind and points of the compass, precipitation, snow cover, okta, cloud base, visibility, solar radiation, the UV index.
Historical
25+
Ancient and Russian measures, Old French and English ones, apothecaries’, the Réaumur and Delisle scales, phlogiston, aether, caloric and other obsolete quantities.
Communications and computing
20+
Baud, bits per second, binary prefixes, flops, qubit, IOPS, token, epoch, perplexity, context length, LUFS, tempo, octave, cent.
Dimensionless
20+
Mach number, earthquake and tsunami magnitudes, g-force, the Prandtl, Schmidt and Lewis numbers, indices of volcanic explosivity and sun protection.
How to suggest a unit

The queue is set by readers. If the unit you work with is not here, write and say what exactly you measure with it and where colleagues get confused: that makes a better sheet than a standard does.

Write to the project →
04 · Languages

Thirty-six locales and one layer that never changes

Every sheet has a layer that is translated into no language at all: the symbol of the unit, the marks of drawing convention, standard numbers, the figures of a series. The watt stays W, the okta stays okta, the weld leg stays z, and the plate of the sheet always carries the international symbol, not the local word. This is for the reader who opens the sheet in his own language but works with foreign documentation.

Everything else is translated: the prose, the captions of the stands, the descriptions of instruments, the historical section. The list of locales is closed and does not grow — thirty-six, including three written from right to left and Latin for the historical sheets.

Locales of the project
EnglishРусскийDeutschFrançaisEspañolPortuguêsItalianoNederlandsPolskiSvenskaDanskSuomiNorskČeštinaSlovenčinaRomânăΕλληνικάMagyarTürkçeالعربية · RTLفارسی · RTL中文(简)中文(繁)日本語한국어ไทยTiếng Việtहिन्दीবাংলাIndonesiaMelayuதமிழ்LatinaСрпскиاردو · RTLKiswahili
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